Effect of Calcination and Sintering Temperatures on Physical Properties of Barium Titanate Ceramic
1Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
2School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia., Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
*Email Address : fhussain@neduet.edu.pk
Abstract : Barium titanate based perovskite structured ceramics are well known dielectrics in the category of functional materials. This study was conducted to investigate the effect on the perovskite structure purity and density due to change in calcination and sintering temperatures of barium titanate (BaTiO3) ceramics; synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction technique. These characteristics are directly affecting the dielectric property of BaTiO3. Calcination of the powders accomplished at five different temperatures i.e., 930, 960, 1000, 1030 and 1060 °C for 4 h and sintering was done of pellet at four different temperatures i.e., 1250, 1300 and 1350 °C for 4 h. XRD patterns of calcined-samples revealed the presence of BaTiO3 as a single phase with low intensity peaks of intermediate phases i.e. BaCO3 and TiO2. The patterns also confirm tetragonal phase in all the sintered samples. The highest amount 95.15 % of perovskite phase achieved which was calcined at 960 °C temperature. The best sintering temperature was recorded as 1350 °C in terms of bulk density of about 5.8 g/cm3and a true porosity of about 3.6 %.
Keywords : BT,Optimization,Calcination,Sintering,Bulk density,True porosity